Compare and Contrast Models and Approaches to Evaluation

Instructions For this assignment, write a paper in which you provide a critical evaluation and comparison of four (4) models of evaluation presented above (one must be the Kirkpatrick model). Include the following in your paper: • Determine which models or approaches seem similar or compatible, and then explain the ways in which they are similar or compatible. • Explain which models or approaches have different orientations. Determine how these differences might manifest themselves in an evaluation. • Identify the models or approaches that would fit within the context of the organization or organizations with which you typically work. • Discuss when and how you think one decides which models and approaches to use for any one evaluation. • Recommend criteria to use to determine the most appropriate model and approach for a given evaluation context. • Discuss the implications of using various evaluation models and approaches for an evaluation study in your organization and in general. Support your assignment with at least 6 scholarly resources. In addition to these specified resources, other appropriate scholarly resources, including older articles, may be included. Length: 5-7 pages, not including title and reference pages Many evaluation approaches and models have emerged since the 1930s and 1940s. Worthen et al. (1997) categorized evaluation approaches into six categories: 1. Objectives-oriented, 2. Management-oriented, 3. Consumer-oriented, 4. Expertise-oriented, 5. Adversary-oriented, and 6. Participant-oriented. Specific attention has been given by researchers to additions to these categories. Kirkpatrick’s Four-Level Approach (reaction, learning, behavior, and results) to training evaluation is a very popular model to use and has served as the primary organizing design. This week, you will compare and contrast models of evaluation and determine when and how to choose a model or approach for an organization. Review the resources listed in the Books and Resources area below to prepare for this week’s assignment(s). It is also recommended that you research the following models: a. Tyler’s Objectives Approach (behaviorally-oriented approach) (1949) b. Kirkpatick’s (1959 – and recently updated) Learning Evaluation Model c. CIRO (Content, Input, Reaction, and Outcome model (Bird et al., 1970) Input, Process, Output, Outcome (IPO) d. Model (Bushnell, 1990) e. Context, Input, Process, Product (CIPP) f. Model (Worthen & Sanders, 1987) g. Training Validation System (TVS) Approach (Fitz-Enz, 1994) h. Input, Process, Output, Outcome (I